Genital papillomatosis in both partners increases the risk of infection and complicates intimate life, and often spreads from woman to child during childbirth.
Cause
The main cause of growths is HPV, which enters the body in a variety of ways. It gets into the cells of the squamous epithelium and stays there for a long time without popping up. The patient may not be aware of such an infection until the preconditions for its growth and the appearance of tumors are met. As immunity declines, increases often occur in the body.
Experts identify factors that increase the risk of growth:
- frequent stress;
- nervous, physical overload;
- avitaminosis;
- decreased immunity;
- the patient's old age;
- too many sexual partners;
- smoking, alcohol consumption;
- long-term use of oral contraceptives.
The causes of papillomas can be hidden in endocrine disorders, gastrointestinal pathologies, and obesity. The incubation period is about a year, and if the immune system is working well, the infection may not occur. HPV often spreads through contact with infected objects in everyday life, using standard wipes, razors, and towels. The infection can occur through sexual contact or can range from woman to child during childbirth.
Views
Dermatologists distinguish several types of papillomas:
- Simple. The neoplasm looks like a cauliflower or cockscomb with a surface resembling small papillae.
- Plantar. These buildups cause mild discomfort.
- Apartment. The site of localization of such neoplasms is the cervical epithelium. Flat papillomas appear as flat lumps that itch.
- Yarn-like. Such tumors often occur in patients over 50 years of age, appear as small nodules, and do not cause pronounced symptoms.
- Pointed. They resemble papillary formations that localize as separate elements and merge into whole groups. Genital warts are always caused by certain types of the virus that spread during intercourse. The site of genital warts is the intimate zone, the groin, the anus, and the dam.
Angiopapilloma is an internal growth that is formed from connective tissue. It sticks to the blood vessel walls and can cause cancer.
Tumors in the visible areas of the body and in the intimate area often cause mental discomfort and problems during sexual activity. The development of papilloma in the uterus can lead to cancer.
Types
There are several types of HPV, taking into account the possible occurrence of cancerous lesions of the skin and internal organs.
Laphám
The appearance of papilloma is due to the rapid growth of the squamous epithelium of the epidermis. In young people, this type of neoplasm can develop too often in damaged areas of the body.
Squamous cell papillomas are round-shaped tumors with broad bases and thin-stemmed tumors. At the beginning of their development they are motionless, light or brown in tone. Permanent trauma to such formations can cause inflammation, cell mutations begin, and transform into cancerous formations. In the absence of effective treatment, there is a high risk of developing cancer.
Reverse
It is rare for a reverse papilloma to appear on the body. The area of appearance is the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Growth of neoplasms in the anterior cavity and maxillary sinuses is possible.
The manifestation of papillomavirus is characterized by a unilateral lesion. It is possible to germinate a reverse outgrowth in the bone, ending in changes in the palate, skull bones, paranasal sinuses, and the wall of the eye socket.
Reverse large papilloma causes nasal congestion, bleeding, and runny nose. When a tumor grows large, the skeleton of the face deforms and shifts to the side of the affected organ.
Localization
Skin papillomas can develop in different areas of the body. The discomfort is caused by outgrowths on the face, and when placed on the body, they are constantly injured when they come in contact with clothing.
Experts identify a number of places where papillomas occur:
- Lumbar region, underarms and lower abdomen. In the better sex, different types of tumors can be localized under the breast.
- The area of the neck, face, abdomen, back. The area of the papillomas on the face becomes primarily the area of the mouth, eyes, and eyelids.
- The genitals. This area is often the site of genital warts.
- Internal organs. Neoplasms appear in the tissues of the intestines, stomach, and bladder.
- Legs. Often, spinal warts appear in this part of the body.
The site of onset of viral neoplasms may be the oral mucosa, bladder, mammary glands, and internal genitals.
Symptoms of education
When HPV is activated, different types of tumors appear on the skin. Their signs are similar, but there are differences.
Warts
You can determine the formation of warts on the skin based on certain symptoms:
- the size of the tumor does not exceed 1 cm;
- the wart has clear outer boundaries, an inhomogeneous surface and a palpable density;
- the color of the accumulation can range from light gray to black;
- the neoplasm has an irregular rounded shape.
The location of growth is mainly the open areas of the body, and especially those that are constantly violated by something. Warts often appear on the hands, fingers, knees and head in the area of hair growth.
Papillomas
You can diagnose growth on your own if you know what your papilloma body looks like. Skin growths with a fairly thin stem or flat base. The virus infection usually occurs in public places with high humidity. It feels ideal in such an environment and begins to multiply rapidly.
Patients need to know what papillomas look like on the body. The first sign of a tumor is a mild burning sensation, a mild tingling sensation in the epidermis. After a while, neoplasms appear in this zone. They gradually stretch and elongate, increasing in size to 1-1, 5 cm.
Papilloma on the skin often develops in elderly patients and begins to grow actively. The area where the growths are located is the chest, groin and underarms. Fleshy or slightly yellowish. The presence of the virus in a woman's body significantly increases the risk of developing cervical cancer.
Warts
Genital warts are caused by certain types of HPV, which enter the bloodstream only through intercourse. Usually the area of the anus and external genitalia, rarely the oropharynx, becomes the focus of localization of growths.
Warts are papillary growths that form in different parts of the body. The individual elements are often connected to each other and form a tumor that resembles a rooster comb in appearance.
Period of incubation
Papillomavirus has a long incubation period that can last for years. This means that it is quite difficult to determine the moment when the infectious agent entered the body. The activity of the virus can be increased by various factors that disrupt the immune system.
Once in the body, the virus enters the nuclei of the dermis and begins to multiply rapidly. As the body's defenses decrease, small papillae begin to appear on the surface of the skin, which contain more cells. They grow slowly and can reach 10 cm.
Diagnostics
The diagnosis of papilloma begins with an examination of the patient by an immunologist or dermatologist. The patient's history and symptoms are examined. Laboratory and instrumental tests help identify the cause of the appearance of neoplasms in the body.
The standard diagnostic program includes:
- general and biochemical blood tests;
- PCR test;
- biopsy of the substance.
Based on the research results, effective and safe therapies are selected.
Treatment
It is recommended that papillomas be initiated immediately after detection. The choice of method depends on the area of localization of the neoplasms, the reasons for their appearance and the form of HPV. How to quickly cure your papilloma can only be determined by a specialist.
Cryocoagulation
With this therapeutic method, tumors are removed with liquid nitrogen, which causes the water in the cells to freeze and die. Cryodestruction is performed only if the tumor is benign and free of cancer cells.
The procedure is considered painless, but if the skin is too sensitive, they resort to introducing novocaine. After treating the skin with liquid nitrogen, they turn white and a small bubble forms in which a clear or pink liquid accumulates. When the growths are removed by freezing, unpleasant sensations may appear in the form of a burning sensation, but these gradually disappear. After cryodestruction, it is recommended to treat the epidermis several times a day with potassium permanganate solution or boron alcohol.
After a few days, the bladder ruptures and a crust forms, which protects the wound from infection. Over time, it disappears and healthy skin remains underneath.
Surgical method
The procedure of removing the papilloma on the skin is considered to be the most radical method of removal, but is not used as often. The indication for surgery is large papillomas.
During surgery, the doctor excises a small area of healthy tissue, which prevents the outgrowth from recurring. The procedure is performed under local anesthesia and lasts no longer than 10-15 minutes. The patient does not feel pain and a suture is applied after the manipulation is complete. The disadvantage of this method is the long time of wound healing, the formation of scars on the body.
Laser removal
The method of treating papilloma is decided by the doctor after examining the patient. The most modern method of removing growths is laser treatment, which is preceded by an analysis to rule out cancer cells. The area of the body where the papilloma is located is anesthetized with lidocaine. They are then exposed to a laser beam and completely removed. With such treatment, water evaporates in the damaged cells, drying them out and forming a crust.
After a while, the skin turns red and swells, but this reaction occurs after 2-3 days. After 5-7 days, the bark falls off on its own and a delicate pink skin appears instead.
Chemical attack
An effective way to combat pathology is the chemical effects of papillomas. Genital warts are removed with special preparations containing organic acids.
They are applied to the surface of the formation using an applicator and cauterized. Chemicals cause growth cells to die and disappear.
Drug treatment
Medical treatment for papilloma includes:
- Pills. Viral infection is caused by a decrease in immunity, so the effect of the drugs is to increase the body's defenses. The patient is prescribed to take vitamins, immunomodulators, antiviral drugs.
- Preparations for local treatment. The use of antiviral creams and ointments has a good effect. Gels and creams are secreted for small tumors of the penis that stimulate interferon production. To remove the growths, the doctor prescribes solutions with cauterizing properties.
Only a doctor can determine if papillomas are removed in different parts of the body.
Immunomodulators
The way multiple papillomas in the body are treated depends on their size and localization. The integrated approach involves treatment with immunomodulators, the effect of which activates the body's natural defenses.
There are several types of HPV, so such drugs should be selected by a specialist after immunological testing. In women with papillomas, it is recommended to pay special attention to natural immunomodulators that help restore immunity at the DNA level.
Self-wiping
Treating large papillomas at home can make a person's condition worse and spread the virus in the body. The possibility of using funds for the independent removal of growths is determined by the dermatologist. This method of treatment is only possible in the absence of oncogenic factor and if malignant growth is suspected.
Self-treatment of benign tumors involves the use of local ointments, medications prescribed by a doctor.
Traditional treatment methods
Alternative therapies may be used in accordance with the treatment regimen selected by the physician. It is possible to stop the intense growth of papillomas and cause them to die if smeared with celandine, dandelion or sour apple juice.
You can smear the tumor with a fresh egg white every day and wait for it to dry. After a while, the dry papilloma falls off on its own. You can buy a special adhesive tape at the pharmacy that will be glued for a long time and then the tumor will be removed.
To eliminate the defect, it is recommended to cut a clove of garlic and rub the growth on the skin with it for several days in a row.
Treatment with home and folk remedies is a long process. It is recommended to combine it with medicines that have antiviral effects for greater effectiveness.
Prophylaxis
Prevention of human papillomavirus is possible by maintaining body hygiene, timely treatment and healing of epidermal lesions. Personal hygiene products should be used to prevent infection.
Prevention of papillomas includes rejection of occasional sexual contact, adherence to a healthy lifestyle, and enhanced immunity. The virus can become a provocative factor in the development of papillomas in the cervix and the development of cancer. Women should visit their mammologist regularly with a gynecologist, making sure they follow proper nutrition. What to do if you develop papilloma, it is advisable to ask your doctor and do not recover.